温故知新

今天恢复防火墙,突然对一个问题疑惑了,于是赶紧看书,原来我在书上竟然赫然有着我以前的标记,怎么还是会模糊呢?

1. The client generates a SYN packet, headed toward the server, to  
establish a new connection.  
2. The PIX investigates the ACL to determine if the information flow  
control policy should permit the new connection.  
3. Assuming the connection is valid, the PIX updates the connections table.  
4. The XLATE table is updated as necessary.  
5. The stream is processed by the Application Inspection Engine, if  
necessary, which could involve rewriting the packet.  
6. The packet is sent on to the server.  
7. On the reverse path, the server responds with its SYN/ACK.  
8. However, since this is not an initialization request, inspection of the rule  
base is not required; it looks the packet up in the connections table and  
then forwards it back to the client.  

终于解决PIX与checkpoint互联VPN的怪问题

最近公司需要和新加坡一家公司互联VPN ,双方协商使用site-site的方式。但对方是checkpoint防火墙,我方是CISCO的防火墙。拓扑结构如下

checkpoint——————-isp—————————F5–PIX

双方约定按以下参数进行:

FIREWALL PARAMETERS

 

新加坡 Information

 

Firewall Type:

Checkpoint Firewall-1 NG

 Outside IP Address of Fiserv Firewall:

220.42.17.2

Protocols passed thru VPN tunnel (i.e. ftp):

telnet, ftp

an>

Internal IP Addresses of Machines that need access thru VPN tunnel (i.e. orlcbs01)

 

NAT IP Address of Internal Machines

Network ID: 192.168.223.0/255.255.255.224

 

 

中国 Information

 

Customer Firewall Type:

CISCO PIX

Outside IP Address of Customer Firewall:

202.100.14.6

IP/Network Address of Destination(s) (Customer Server):

 

Protocols passed thru VPN tunnel (i.e. ftp):

telnet

IP address of Internal Machines

192.168.100.90/24

 

 

IPSec TRANSFORM PARAMETERS

 

ESP encryption:

3DES

ESP authentication:

SHA-1

IPSec SA lifetime:

1 hr or 60 mins or 3600 secs

 

 

IKE POLICY PARAMETERS

 

IKE encryption:

3DES

IKE hash:

SHA-1

 

 

IKE authentication:

Preshared Key: 2w4rvbr

IKE SA lifetime:

24 hrs or 1440 mins or 86400 secs

width="307">

Diffe Helman Group:

2

 

 

ADDT’L PARAMETERS

 

Perfect Forward Secrecy?

Yes

Aggressive Mode?

No

Key Exchange for Subnets?

Yes

从上面可以很简单的看出,其实就是192.168.223.0/27与192.168.100.90/24的VPN通信。

于是,我在我的防火墙上设置ACL  permit ip host 192.168.100.90 192.168.223.0 255.255.255.224.我没有设置到端口,是为了以后方便,因为可能增加其他端口通信,更细致的端口限制我在后面的其他设备上作了。

其他参数则按照双方约定的配置。

当天下午配好之后,我PING新加坡 ,一切OK,没有问题,于是发了封邮件告诉新加坡管理员我OK了。

第2天上午,到公司一开邮箱,一封告知我无法PING通的邮件赫然的显示在电脑上。晕~~没道理啊,通信从来都是双方的,我昨天都能PING通他们的呀~。赶紧检查,查ACL,查防火墙上VPN状态,靠 VPN 并没有建立。仔细检查了配置,没有错误啊,于是debug ike,HO,这个debug结果要是能自动保存到一个文件里就好了,这一点CISCO就不如Juniper了,仔细看了输出的消息,发现CISCO并没有认可静态加密映射中设置的ACL,并有这样一个细节:

转载请注明来自http://www.mycisco.cn

I received “Nov 01 09:50:08 [IKEv1 DECODE]: Group = 210.×××.2, IP = 210.×××.2, ID_IPV4_ADDR_SUBNET ID received–192.168.100.0–255.255.255.0”  on cisco firewall

原来对方设置的ACL(checkpoint叫rules)是:192.168.223.0/27到192.168.10024的,而我的ACL是设置到主机的,这个时候CISCO认为对方提议的与自己设定的ACL不匹配,所以无法建立VPN。后经过测试,只要对方提议的范围比CISCO上设置的小,就可以通过。这也恰恰证明了CISCO曾一再强调的,site-to-siteVPN的ACL要互为镜像。

由于对方的checkpoint防火墙无法设置到主机级别,所以只能我这边将ACL范围改大,修改后,VPN终于建立起来了。

如果说最近点背,我真的是背到家了,。。。。。。。。。尽管VPN可以建立,但却根本无法PING通。查看PIX上IPSEC SA,发现加密、解密计数都为0.靠!!!怎么回事呢? 翻来覆去查ACL ,PIX状态,没有特殊的啊,查CISCO网站,看官方的pix–checkpoint互联配置,没有不一样的地方啊。查F5,有了一些发现,我发现双方的VPN并没有跑在UDP 4500端口上,但由于当时怪事多多,他那边有时甚至PING 我这边 internet口 我都无法在F5上看到,我并没有很在意这个问题,快到下班时间了,新加坡的人也要下班,于是决定先搁置。

 回家,背,所以就会背到家,平常等107路,40多分钟都等不到一辆,这次和同事步行,准备到北边坐40路回家。路上2辆107从身边走过。。。。。。到了地点,平常间隔不大的40今天却奇慢,又是两辆107过去,40还没来。靠!!!!!!!!

到家了,媳妇在包饺子,终于让不爽的心稍稍平静了下。

上网、查资料、群里问,都没结果。头晕,不想了。看juniper吧,学习去。。

早上,又到公司,上防护墙,呵呵 ,新加坡的太阳比中国早?对方已经在测试了,因为我看了IPSEC SA,这次有意外发现,我注意到IPSEC SA中的的一个地方:

inbound esp sas:
      spi: 0x7E5D6098 (2120048792)
         transform: esp-3des esp-sha-hmac none
         in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, PFS Group 2, }

奇怪,我的TOP中间有一个F5,这个F5是执行了NAT的,而且我的PIX是全局开启了NAT-T的,怎么会没有NAT-T在这个括弧里呢,于是我立即查看到上海的那条VPN:

    inbound esp sas:
      spi: 0xC2D6CB32 (3268856626)
         transform: esp-3des esp-sha-hmac none
         in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel,  NAT-T-Encaps, }

我又联想起昨天在F5上没有看到到新加坡的UDP 4500通信,而正常情况下,NAT-T是跑在UDP 4500上。于是我推断是双方在NAT-T上的协商有了问题。于是debug,发现:

Nov 02 11:55:19 [IKEv1]: IP = 210×××.2, Keep-alive type for this connection: None
Nov 02 11:55:19 [IKEv1]: IP = 210.×××.2, Keep-alives configured on but peer does not support keep-alives (type = None)

显然,设备没有就这个参数达成一致,对方并没有告知PIX它的keep-alive类型。

于是赶紧给新加坡发去邮件,说明我的推测,对方回复邮件说他知道nat-t是工作在client到VPN gateway上的,或许他的认识没有错误,因为他用的是checkpoint 设备,但是在CISCO的设备上这种说法显然不对,因为NAT-T是支持L2L方式的。

这时,对方正好打来了电话,于是在电话中和他进行了沟通,对方表示去查下资料。最后果然有所发现:

原来,他这个型号的checkpoint设备不支持主动发起NAT-T协商,但可以接受带NAT-T的协商。到此,终于明白为什么我可以在任何时候PING通他们,而他们却不能在任何时候PING通我这

边(但如果我这边主动PING过去后,他们就可以PING过来了)。原来是这个原因导致的单向!

怎么解决这个问题呢!

由于只能我这边主动发起协商,通信才能正常,而此时建立的VPN是没有NAT-T的,即是一个普通的IPSEC通信,在这种情况下,PIX是不会发送keepalives消息来保持链路中的NAT的,如果是这样,F5上默认5分钟将断开这个连接,到时将会不通,事实证明确实是这样。要想不断刷新以保证F5上连接的存在,则必须让我这边某台电脑不停的PING新加坡那边,实际测试不停的PING可以保证双方的通信。至此这个VPN只能采用这种不算完美的办法了(期间我问对方的设备是否可以发送keepalive,对方说好似没有。。。)。

后记:要想保持这个通信畅通,我这边的PING是不能停的,万一停了,双方再没有数据交换,那么5分钟后,连接就被F5断开,此时如果新加坡主动发起了新一轮的VPN协商,则完蛋了,双方都将不通。所以针对此问题,我注意到PIX上有一个参数,就是可以让PIX只发起协商而不接受协商,但遗憾的时候没有效果,查CISCO文档发现该参数只适合CISCO设备之间。checkpoint上更没有类似这种功能设置,所以只能保持我这边的长PING,万一出现上面的情况,则只能上去清SA了。

O MY GOD!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

CISCO 防火墙建立穿越NAT的VPN几种解决方法

1.ipsec over tcp

该方法导致双方使用TCP端口通信,缺省端口是10000,只支持client方式。缺省被禁用,打开方法:

crypto isakmp ipsec-over-tcp

当实际环境中不常规VPN通信或NAT-T,IPSEC OVER UDP的时候使用。

2.NAT-T

该方法导致双方最终使用udp 4500端口通信,支持client,L2L 两种方式。缺省是被禁用的。打开方法:

crypto isakmp nat-traversal  20 ,缺省keepalives时间20秒

3.ipsec over udp

导致双方使用UDP通信,缺省端口10000,只支持client方式。缺省被禁用。打开方法

在组策略中配置

hostname(config-group-policy)# ipsec-udp {enable | disable}
hostname(config-group-policy)#ipsec-udp-port 10000

上述三种方法都启用时候的优先级别: over tcp >NAT-T>over udp

With the exception of the home zone on the Cisco ASA 5505, the security appliance can simultaneously
support standard IPSec, IPSec over TCP, NAT-T, and IPSec over UDP, depending on the client with
which it is exchanging data. When both NAT-T and IPSec over UDP are enabled, NAT-T takes
precedence. IPSec over TCP, if enabled, takes precedence over all other connection methods.
When you enable NAT-T, the security appliance automatically opens port 4500 on all IPSec enabled
interfaces.

Cisco 2800 Series Integrated Services Routers Configuration Examples and TechNotes

  • Basic Router Configuration using SDM
    03/Nov/2006
  • Caller ID Name Delivery Issues on Cisco IOS Gateways
    02/Jul/2007
  • Cisco IOS Certificate Enrollment Using Enhanced Enrollment Commands Configuration Example
    17/Jan/2007
  • Cisco Router as a Remote VPN Server using SDM Configuration Example
    07/Sep/2006
  • Cisco Secure Desktop (CSD) on IOS Configuration Example using SDM
    25/Oct/2006
  • Cisco Secure SRST Configuration Example
    13/Mar/2006
  • Cisco Unity Express Networking with Direct IP Addressing
    16/Nov/2005
  • Clientless SSL VPN (WebVPN) on Cisco IOS with SDM Configuration Example
    07/Dec/2006
  • Configure and Enroll a Cisco IOS Router to Another Cisco IOS Router Configured as a CA Server
    04/Aug/2006
  • Configure and Enroll a Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator to a Cisco IOS Router as a CA Server
    02/Feb/2006
  • Configuring a Router IPsec Tunnel Private-to-Private Network with NAT and a Static
    05/Jun/2006
  • Configuring a Router-to-Router LAN-to-LAN Tunnel with a Router Initiating IKE Aggressive Mode
    02/Feb/2006
  • Configuring an IPsec Router Dynamic LAN-to-LAN Peer and VPN Clients
    10/May/2007
  • Configuring and Troubleshooting an ATA 186 with Cisco IOS Gatekeepers
    10/Jan/2006
  • Configuring Class of Restrictions (COR)
    05/Jun/2006
  • Configuring DN-Based Crypto Maps for VPN Device Access Control
    19/Jan/2006
  • Configuring Dynamic Multipoint VPN Using GRE Over IPsec With OSPF, NAT, and Cisco IOS Firewall
    30/Nov/2006
  • Configuring IOS-to-IOS IPSec Using AES Encryption
    02/Feb/2006
  • Configuring IPSec – Router to PIX
    04/Nov/2002
  • Configuring IPSec Between a Cisco IOS Router and a Cisco VPN Client 4.x for Windows Using RADIUS
    08/Nov/2006
  • Configuring IPSec Between a Cisco IOS Router and a Cisco VPN Client 4.x for Windows Using RADIUS for User Authentication
    07/Feb/2007
  • Configuring IPSec Router-to-Router, Pre-shared, NAT Overload Between Private Networks
    19/Jan/2005
  • Configuring IPSec/GRE with NAT
    03/May/2004
  • Configuring PIX-to-Router Dynamic-to-Static IPSec With NAT
    23/Mar/2007
  • Configuring Router to VPN Client, Mode-Config, Wild-Card Pre-Shared Key with NAT
    21/Nov/2006
  • Configuring Router-to-Router IPsec (Pre-shared Keys) on GRE Tunnel with IOS Firewall and NAT
    06/Feb/2007
  • DMVPN and Easy VPN Server with ISAKMP Profiles Configuration Example
    06/Dec/2006
  • Dynamic LAN-to-LAN VPN between Cisco IOS Routers Using IOS CA on the Hub Configuration Example
    11/Jan/2007
  • EIGRP Message Authentication Configuration Example
    01/Mar/2007
  • Encrypt Pre-shared Keys in Cisco IOS Router Configuration Example
    19/Jan/2006
  • EtherSwitch Network Module (ESW) Configuration Example
    19/Mar/2007
  • EtherSwitch Service Module (ES) Configuration Example
    29/Mar/2007
  • EzVPN Client and Server on the Same Router Configuration Example
    08/Mar/2007
  • GRE over IPSec with EIGRP to Route Through a Hub and Multiple Remote Sites Configurat

    ion Example
    n class="content">19/Jan/2006

  • How to Configure a LAN-to-LAN IPSec Between a Router and a PIX Using Digital Certificates
    02/Feb/2006
  • Initial IPX Configuration and Troubleshooting Between Cisco Router and Novell Netware Server
    01/Sep/2005
  • Install Trusted Authority Certificates on Cisco IOS Routers for Trend URL Filtering Support
    20/Apr/2007
  • IOS Easy VPN Remote Hardware Client to a PIX Easy VPN Server Configuration Example
    06/Feb/2007
  • IOS Gateway BRI Backhaul with Cisco CallManager 4.1 Configuration Example
    27/Jun/2006
  • IOS IPSec NAT Transparency with VPN Client Configuration Example
    07/Dec/2006
  • IOS Router to Pass a LAN-to-LAN IPSec Tunnel via PAT Configuration Example
    02/Feb/2006
  • IP Communications High-Density Digital Voice/Fax Network Module
    27/Dec/2005
  • IPsec Between a Static PIX/ASA 7.x and a Dynamic IOS Router with NAT Configuration Example
    08/Mar/2007
  • LAN-to-LAN IPsec Tunnel Between a Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator and Router with AES Configuration Example
    12/Mar/2007
  • LAN-to-LAN IPsec Tunnel Between Two Routers Configuration Example
    01/Oct/2006
  • PIX/ASA 7.x and IOS: VPN Fragmentation
    12/Mar/2007
  • PIX/ASA 7.x Security Appliance to an IOS Router LAN-to-LAN IPsec Tunnel Configuration Example
    08/Mar/2007
  • Router Allows VPN Clients to Connect IPsec and Internet Using Split Tunneling Configuration Example
    07/Apr/2007
  • Router and VPN Client for Public Internet on a Stick Configuration Example
    24/Apr/2007
  • Router-to-PIX Dynamic-to-Static IPsec with NAT Configuration Example
    08/Mar/2007
  • Second-Generation 1- and 2-Port T1/E1 Multiflex Trunk Voice/WAN Interface Cards
    09/Jan/2006
  • Site-to-Site Tunnel Between IOS Routers Using SEAL Sample Configuration
    19/Jan/2006
  • SSL VPN Client (SVC) on IOS with SDM Configuration Example
    10/Jul/2007
  • Telnet Password on Cisco Router to Avoid Error Message Configuration Example
    03/Aug/2006
  • Telnet, Console and AUX Port Passwords on Cisco Routers Configuration Example
    02/Aug/2006
  • Thin-Client SSL VPN (WebVPN) IOS Configuration Example with SDM
    05/Sep/2006
  • Wireless LAN Connectivity using an ISR with WEP Encryption and LEAP Authentication Configuration Example
    26/Sep/2007
  • 7200 Easy VPN Server to 871 Easy VPN Remote Configuration Example
    12/Mar/2007
  • 1800 ISR Wireless Router with Internal DHCP and Open Authentication Configuration Example
    03/May/2007
  • CISCO常用连接

    硬件及系统基础:
    Cisco各类线缆
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/atm/l2020/l2020r21/clicard/planning/cabling.htm

    软件及配置:
    Cisco IOS编号的意义
    http://www.ultratechnology.net/showarticle.php?s=&articleid=117

    Cisco 产品密码破解
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/474/

    AUX 口做远程调试
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/471/mod-aux-exec.html

    Technical Tips (这个最有用了)
    http://www.cisco.com/public/technotes/serv_tips.shtml

    Hardware Troubleshooting Index Page
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/108

    Troubleshooting Assistant
    http://www.cisco.com/kobayashi/support/tac/tsa.html

    Cable Technology Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/109

    Technical Documents (就是Documents光盘的内容)
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm

    Technical Assistance Center (TAC)
    http://www.cisco.com/go/support
    http://www.cisco.com/kobayashi/support/tac/home.shtml

    Sales Tools Central Home
    http://www.cisco.com/go/tools
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/779/smbiz/service/

    Cisco IOS Feature Navigator (IOS 特性集向导)
    http://www.cisco.com/go/fn
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Support/FeatureNav/FN.pl

    Bug Tools
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Support/Bugtool/home.pl

    IOS Command Lookup Tool
    http://www.cisco.com/support/Cmdlookup/ios-search.html

    各种连接器:
    http://www.hardwarebook.net/

    其他:
    Cisco 的老版网页
    http://www.cisco.com/cco.shtml

    WAN基础知识(包括FR、ATM、DDN等。中文版)
    http://www.flamephoenix.net/network/index.htm

    ———————————————————————–

    技术相关:

    全国思科网络技术学院简介(简要介绍、联系方式)
    http://202.112.42.42/academy/college/index2.htm

    Cisco各类线缆介绍
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/atm/l2020/l2020r21/clicard/planning/cabling.htm

    Cisco IOS编号的意义(需CCO帐号)
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/customer/620/5.shtml#identifiers

    使用AUX口做远程调试
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/471/mod-aux-exec.html

    Cisco各型号产品密码恢复方式
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/474/

    Technical Tips (这个最有用了)
    http://www.cisco.com/public/technotes/serv_tips.shtml

    恢复口令
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/474

    Access-Dial Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/471/index.shtml

    Wireless Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/102

    IGRP/EIGRP Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/103

    OSPF Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/104

    IP Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/105

    Kerberos
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/106

    LAN Technologies Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/473

    Hardware Troubleshooting Index Page
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/108

    Troubleshooting Assistant
    http://www.cisco.com/kobayashi/support/tac/tsa.html

    Cable Technology Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/109

    Technical Documents (就是Documents光盘的内容)
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm

    Technical Assistance Center (TAC)
    http://www.cisco.com/go/support
    http://www.cisco.com/kobayashi/support/tac/home.shtml

    Tools Index
    http://www.cisco.com/kobayashi/supp…c/t_index.shtml

    Sales Tools Central Home
    http://www.cisco.com/go/tools
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/779/smbiz/service/

    Configuration Tool (这个用的比较多)
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/front…./config_root.pl

    Cisco IOS Feature Navigator
    http://www.cisco.com/go/fn
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Support/FeatureNav/FN.pl

    Bug Tools
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Support/Bugtool/home.pl

    HW-SW Compatibility Matrix
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/front…./hwswmatrix.cgi

    Error Message Decoder
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Suppor…decoder/home.pl

    Stack Decoder
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Suppor…decoderinput.pl

    IOS Command Lookup Tool
    http://www.cisco.com/support/Cmdlookup/ios-search.html

    Security Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/index.shtml

    Security Technologies
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/security.htm

    BGP Technical Tips
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/459/18.html

    PCMCIA Filesystem Compatibi

    lity Matrix and Filesystem
    Information
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/pcmciamatrix.html

    PSIRT Advisories
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/advisory.html

    认证相关:

    Cisco认证网站首页
    http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/index.html

    Cisco认证最新变动情况
    http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/learning_certification_program_updates.html

    Cisco认证近期动态
    http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le3/learning_recent_articles_list.html

    全部Cisco认证考试列表
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/10/wwtraining/certprog/testing/exam_list.htm

    Cisco BETA认证考试列表(免考试费)
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/10/wwtraining/certprog/testing/beta_exams.htm

    Cisco认证考生注册及跟踪系统
    https://www.certmanager.net/~cisco_s/login.html

    CISCO考试Performace Simulation模拟考题题型DEMO
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/10/wwtraining/certprog/testing/simulation/tutorial.html

    公司的网络站点(CCO)为用户和合作伙伴业界领先,24小时不间断的在线技术支持服务。网络站点内容丰富,它为公司的用户和合作伙伴提供大量的最新的技术信息,包括大量的技术档的软件产品信息,对公司的全线产品提供强有力的支持。
    它架起了公司与用户和合作伙伴的桥梁。它对用户提供两个层次的服务:一般用户和注册用户。注册用户除了能看到一般用户所能看到的信息外,还能看到其他的一般用户 无法看到的信息。
    通过游览Cisco公司的网络站点,用户可以得到满意的技术支持和服务。下面是公司的一些常用站点。

    关于公司

    Cisco公司的新闻
    http://www.cisco.com/wap/public/146/cisco_news/
    http://www.cisco.com/public/crop_news.shtml

    公司中文站点
    http://www.cisco.com.cn

    Cisco公司RFCs,Standars站点(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/customer/459/index.shtml

    关于商业、合同、报价、服务

    服务类型的划分及描述
    http://www.cisco.com/public/support_solutions.shtml

    怎样申请得到CISCO的服务
    http://www.cisco.com/public/scc/

    注册CCO帐号
    http://www.cisco.com/register/

    服务定单合同中心(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/front.x/csadispatch?AppName=ContractAgent

    查定单状态(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/assistant.cgi

    查定单到货时间
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/front.x/leadtimes.cgi

    产品技术手册,功能、性能、参数及配置方法
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/index.htm
    Cisco End of Life Products
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/cisco/mkt/gen/prodlit/

    产品购买手册
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/pcat/index.htm

    关于技术

    公司技术文档的主页
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm

    技术支持网站(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/Support/PSP/index.pl?i=Hardware

    技术支持中心站点(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/ibld/view.pl?i=support

    IOS软件各种版本配置方法和命令
    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/index.htm

    技术要点
    http://www.cisco.com/public/technotes/serv_trips.shtml

    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/779/largeent/learn/technologies.html

    硬件技术要点
    http://www.cisco.com/public/technotes/tech_platform.shtml

    关于解决方案

    针对各种不同规模和类型的网络/公司采取的不同的解决方案
    http://www.cisco.com/kobayashi/Solutions_root.shtml

    大企业解决方案
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/779/largeent

    中型企业解决方案
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/779/smbiz/

    电信解决方案
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/pblic/779/servpro/

    关于产品

    software release 站点(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/kobayashi/sw-center/release.shtml

    软件BUG站点(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/support/bugtools/

    产品信息公告牌
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/cisco/mkt/gen/bulletin/

    产品的各种支持信息
    http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/Support/PSP/index.pl?i=hardware#LAN_Switches_Modules

    新产品信息
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/cisco/mkt/gen/newprod.htm

    软件技术要点
    http://www.cisco.com/public/technotes/tech_sw.html

    安全性技术要点
    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/index2.shtml

    网络设备配置案例:针对一些实际案例对网络设备进行配置

    http://www.cisoc.com/warp/public/700/tech_configs.html

    http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/793/access_dial/index.html

    http://www.cisco.com/public/technotes/tech_features.shtml

    查Q&A常用问题(注册用户使用)
    http://www.cisco.com/openf/openproj.shtml

    Easy vpn server introduce and referrence


    Table Of Contents

    Easy VPN Server

    Contents

    Restrictions for Easy VPN Server

    Information About Easy VPN Server

    How It Works

    RADIUS Support for Group Profiles

    RADIUS Support for User Profiles

    Supported Protocols

    Functions Supported by Easy VPN Server

    How to Configure Easy VPN Server

    Enabling Policy Lookup via AAA

    Defining Group Policy Information for Mode Configuration Push

    Enabling VPN Session Monitoring

    Verifying a VPN Session

    Applying Mode Configuration and Xauth

    Enabling Reverse Route Injection for the Client

    Enabling IKE Dead Peer Detection

    Configuring RADIUS Server Support

    Verifying Easy VPN Server

    Configuring a Banner

    Configuring Auto Upgrade

    Configuring Browser Proxy

    Configuring the Pushing of a Configuration URL Through a
    Mode-Configuration Exchange

    Configuring Per User AAA Download with PKI—Configuring the Crypto PKI Trustpoint

    Configuring the Actual Per User AAA Download with PKI

    Enabling Easy VPN Syslog Messages

    Defining a CPP Firewall Policy Push Using a Local AAA Server

    Applying a CPP Firewall Policy Push to the Configuration Group

    Defining a CPP Firewall Policy Push Using a Remote AAA Server

    Adding the VSA CPP-Policy Under the Group Definition

    Verifying CPP Firewall Policy Push

    Configuring Password Aging

    Configuring Split DNS

    Verifying Split DNS

    Monitoring and Maintaining Split DNS

    Configuring an Easy VPN Server to Obtain
    an IP Address from a DHCP Server

    Verifying DHCP Client Proxy

    Monitoring and Maintaining DHCP Client Proxy

    Configuring cTCP

    Verifying cTCP

    Monitoring and Maintaining a cTCP Configuration

    Troubleshooting a cTCP Configuration

    Configuration Examples for Easy VPN Server

    Configuring Cisco IOS for Easy VPN Server: Example

    RADIUS Group Profile with IPsec AV Pairs: Example

    RADIUS User Profile with IPsec AV Pairs: Example

    Backup Gateway with Maximum Logins and Maximum Users: Example

    Easy VPN with an IPsec Virtual Tunnel Interface: Example

    Pushing a Configuration URL Through a
    Mode-Configuration Exchange: Examples

    Per User AAA Policy Download with PKI: Example

    Network Admission Control: Example

    Configuring Password Aging: Example

    Split DNS: Examples

    DHCP Client Proxy: Examples

    cTCP Session: Example

    Additional References

    Related Documents

    Standards

    MIBs

    RFCs

    Technical Assistance

    Command Reference

    aaa authentication login

    access-restrict

    acl (ISAKMP)

    auto-update client

    backup-gateway

    banner

    clear crypto ctcp

    clear crypto session

    browser-proxy

    client pki authorization list

    configuration url

    configuration version

    crypto ctcp

    crypto ipsec server send-update

    crypto isakmp client configuration browser-proxy

    crypto isakmp client configuration group

    crypto isakmp client firewall

    crypto logging ezvpn

    debug crypto ctcp

    debug crypto condition

    debug ip dns name-list

    debug ip dns view

    debug ip dns view-list

    dhcp server (isakmp)

    dhcp timeout

    domain (isakmp-group)

    firewall are-u-there

    firewall policy

    group-lock

    include-local-lan

    key (isakmp-group)

    max-logins

    max-users

    pfs

    policy

    pool (isakmp-group)

    proxy

    save-password

    show crypto ctcp

    show crypto debug-condition

    show crypto ipsec sa

    show crypto isakmp peers

    show crypto isakmp profile

    show crypto isakmp sa

    show crypto session

    show crypto session group

    show crypto session summary

    show ip dns name-list

    show ip dns view

    show ip dns view-list

    split-dns

    wins

    Glossary

    Feature Information for Easy VPN Server

    original text:

    http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122newft/122t/122t8/ftunity.htm